Page 147 - SST Class 08

produce is consumed in the modern mills for the AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
manufacture of refined crystal sugar. Brazil is the
leading producer of sugar. Other main sugar cane World population is increasing and with that
producing areas are Cube in West Indies, India, demand for food too. To meet the growing
Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Fiji, Hawaii demand, agricultural development is important.
Islands, Australia, Philippines, Java Islands and This can be achieved by increasing the area of
some countries in Africa. land under cultivation and number of crops
grown. Use of fertilisers and high yielding
In India, it is grown nearly in all the states, but the varieties (HYVs) of seeds, better irrigation facilities
leading sugar cane producing states are Uttar and increased use of pesticides, insecticides,
Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra,
fungicides etc. are also important for agricultural
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Haryana, Karnataka development.
and Tamil Nadu. The cultivation of sugar cane is
higher in North India than in the southern states of Different kinds of agriculture practised in different
India. parts of the world according to people’s
requirement. For example, in developing
Rubber
countries, like India, intensive agriculture is
Rubber is the sticky developed as farm sizes are small and there is
juice or latex obtained heavy population, whereas in developed countries
from rubber trees in like USA and Canada large farms of agriculture are
the equatorial forests. found with commercial farming due to sparse
These trees were population and extensive land is available for
found first in the agriculture.
Amazon basin. Rubber plant Case Study : Comparison Between India and USA
They require hot and very wet climate with a deep India
fertile and well-drained soil. The leading
producers of rubber in the world are Thailand, Indian economy is based on
Malaysia, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, agriculture. In India, three-
Brazil and Liberia. fourth of the population is
engaged in agriculture.
In India, the leading producers are the About 29% of Gross
Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. National Income and 25%

Oilseeds of Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) is obtained from our Indian farmer
Oilseeds are not cereal but they provide us oil to agriculture sector. It provides food to about 110
cook food. Apart from cooking, oil is used in
crore population and several crores of animals and
making candles, paints, varnishes, soap and
raw material to agro-industries. Agriculture
margarine. It is extracted from the seeds and fruits products contribute about 14% in our exports. The
of some plants. We get oil from linseed, castor,
purchasing power, saving and investment of about
sesame, palm, rapeseed, groundnut, olive, two-thirds of our rural population depend upon the
coconut, mustard, soyabean and sunflower. condition of crops.
Oilseeds are grown worldwide. However, the US
Due to heavy population limited land is available
is the leading producer of oilseeds, mainly
soyabeans. The other producers are China, Brazil, and also the average farm size is very small.
Argentina and India. Farmers use HYV of seeds to increase their
production and they grow at least two crops in a
In India, the leading oilseed producing states are year which are normally wheat, rice or pulses.
Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Farmers produce crops for the subsistence of their
Rajasthan and Karnataka. families and not for sale. The average Indian

Agriculture
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