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is appointed by the President of India and he Administrative Jurisdiction
determines the number of judges in a High Court. A High Court supervises the
A person can be appointed as a judge if he is a functioning of all subordinate
citizen of India and has held a judicial office for at courts in the state. It can
least ten years or has been examine their records. It can
an advocate of one or more frame rules and regulations
High Courts in succession for their smooth functioning.
for a minimum period of ten Judges of a High Court can
years. Also, he should be an inspect the subordinate
eminent jurist in the opinion courts and jails. Kolkata High Court
of the President of India. A
judge serves up to the age of Dhirubhai Nanabhai Patel FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT
62 years. 30th Chief Justice
of Delhi High Court Thus, we have seen that a state government
Quiz Time functions in three fields—legislative, executive
Write True or False : and judicial. We shall try to understand the
functioning of a state government by an example.
1. The state legislature consists of the legislative
assembly and the legislative council. _______
Info Bits
Info Bits
2. There are two types of state legislatures—
bicameral and unicameral. _______ Earlier Goa, Daman and Diu were a union territory.
3. The MLAs are elected by President Goa was made a state on 30 May, 1987. At present,
of India. _______ Daman and Diu form a single union territory.
4. The most important function of the state Case Study
legislature is to make laws on
certain subjects. _______ Village A in District X is facing a shortage of water
for irrigation, so a canal is required to be dug from
5. A Governor is the real head of a state and the River G ten km away. Let us see how this canal
enjoys real powers. _______ can be dug.
Legislative Function
JURISDICTION OF A HIGH COURT
A state government needs an authority to function.
A High Court has two types of jurisdiction— This authority is in the form of a law passed by the
judicial and administration.
state legislature. So, when the state government
Judicial Jurisdiction wants to take some action, it needs a relevant law.
A case pertaining to marriage, divorce, will and During the session of the Vidhan Sabha, the MLA of
other revenue cases can be filed in a High Court. District X requests the Speaker to give him time as
A writ petition for the protection of Fundamental he has a proposal. When he is given the time, he
Rights can be filed in a High Court. A civil case proposes the required canal to be dug from River G
can be filed in a High Court if the amount to Village A in view of the shortage of water for
involved is higher than the amount as specified irrigation. If his proposal is accepted by the house,
from time to time. The appeals against the the Speaker forms a committee. The committee
decision of District Sessions Judges in criminal looks into the requirement in view of its
and civil cases can be filed in a High Court. A truthfulness and feasibility. If the committee is
death sentence can be awarded only if it has been convinced that the canal is really required, it
confirmed by a High Court. submits recommendations to the Speaker that
funds for this purpose should be allotted. The
Speaker sends these recommendations to the
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