Page 119 - SST Class 05

hartal : not working.
self-rule : the rule by Indians.
troop : a soldier.
martial law : the control of the army, and not of the police.
knighthood : a high title given by the British government.
indigenous : made in India.
Satyagraha : Gandhiji’s principles of truthfulness, fearlessness and non-violence.
untouchability : a social evil in India.
khadi : cotton clothing.
dharna : a sitting-in.
Swadeshi : of the home country.
underground : operating secretly.

Facts

• The year 1919 witnessed Montagu-Chelmsford reforms, Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh
tragedy in which thousands of innocent Indians were killed.
• Gandhiji started Swadeshi, Boycott, Non-cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements.
• The Non-cooperation Movement was called off following the Chauri-Chaura incident.

• Many revolutionaries tried to throw the British out of India by force.
• The Indians protested against the Simon Commission with black flags and slogans, the British
suppressed people mercilessly.
• The demand for complete independence was raised in 1929.
• The Civil Disobedience Movement was started in 1930 with the Dandi March.

• The Quit India Movement was launched in 1942 during the Second World War.
• Subhash Chandra Bose headed the Indian National Army with Japanese help and attacked British
India.
• India finally gained its freedom on 15 August, 1947.

XERCISE

A. Tick (3) the right option :
1. The Jallianwala Bagh is located in ____________ .

(a) Amritsar (b) Jalandhar (c) Lahore
2. ____________ meant insistence on truth and non-cooperation.
(a) Asatoma (b) Satyagraha (c) Sanatan
3. The ____________ did not believe in violence, they used weapons only to make the deaf hear.
(a) revolutionaries (b) British (c) Gandhiji

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