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arrangement in 1772 as it created confusion and
English. But Hyder Ali, who was suffering from
misrule. Bengal was brought under the direct cancer died in this campaign. His son Tipu Sultan
control of the English East India Company and continued the war for two more years. He fought
Calcutta was made the capital of British India.
very bravely with the combined forces of the
F ind Outind Out British, Marathas and Nizam. French also
supported him in this war. The war ended with
What were the two bad effects of the dual the treaty of Manglore by which each party agreed
government in Bengal? to give back its conquests and prisioners.

THE CONQUEST OF MYSORE Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790-92)
Now, Tipu has become
The kingdom of Mysore was founded after the
Vijaynagar empire came to an end. During middle the most powerful rival
of the 18th century, Mysore and the British had a of the British in the
South. The third
series of wars know as Anglo-Mysore Wars.
Mysore war began
The kingdoms Mysore and between them in 1790.
Maratha were two major At that time Lord Surrender of Tipu Sultan
rivals of the British. In the Cornwallis was the Governor General of India.
South, Mysore had grown Both the English and Tipu Sultan were hostile to
into a strong kingdom under each other. In 1790, Tipu Sultan launched an
Hyder Ali (1761-1784) and attack on the ruler of Travancore, who was an ally
his son Tipu Sultan. Hyder Ali of the British. The British army marched to and
First Anglo-Mysore War (1766-67) besieged Seringapatam, the capital of Tipu in
1792. The treaty of Seringapatam was signed by
The first Anglo-Mysore war was fought between
which Tipu agreed to hand over to the English,
Hyder Ali and the British during 1766 to 1767. In Malabar, Coorg, Dindigul and Baramahal. He had
this war the British, the Marathas and the Nizam
to surrender his two sons as hostages and to pay a
of Hyderabad formed a coalition in order to bring huge war penalty of about 30,00,000 pounds.
the powerful state of Mysore under control.
However, Hyder Ali won over the Marathas and Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799)
Nizam and his side and repulsed the British The fourth Mysore war was fought between Tipu
forces. In the end the Nizam once again went over Sultan and the British in 1799. The treaty of
to the British side. In the end, the war remained Seringapatam was very short lived. Lord Wellesley,
inconclusive, a treaty of peace was signed the Governor General wanted that Tipu Sultan
between Mysore and the British, under which should also enter into a
both sides returned the prisoners of war and subsidiary alliance with the
promised to help each other in case of an attack company, but Tipu denied for it.
by a third party. In 1771, the Marathas invaded On this account, Wellesley
Mysore and Hyder Ali asked the British to help declared war against Tipu
but in vain. This made him a bitter enemy of the Sultan. Tipu sought the help of
English. the French but it did not come. Krishnaraja Wadiyar

Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-84) The Nizam joined the British.
The English army invaded
Hyder Ali was further annoyed when the British Mysore. The great fort of the city
forces captured the French port of Mahe. This port was assaulted and Tipu The
was very important for Hyder Ali as it was the
Tiger of Mysore was killed at
only outlet to European trade. In 1780, he one of the gates of the fort. The
marched into winning several victories over the
kingdom of Mysore was divided Tipu Sultan
Contemporary Social Science-8
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