Page 143 - SST Class 07

Vancouver on the Pacific coast. The Trans- Inland Routes
Australia railways connect Perth and Sydney in
Australia. Railway lines also connect Amritsar in Inland routes or waterways include those rivers
India with Lahore in Pakistan and Kolkata in India and canals which are navigable. In addition, the
coastal areas within a country also form a part of
with Dhaka in Bangladesh.
inland routes. Not all rivers and canals are
F ind Outind Out navigable. A few of the navigable rivers in the
world are Rhine in Germany, Seine and
Find out the names of any two trains which Mississippi in America, Nile in Africa, Amazon in
connect your town. South America, Ganga and Brahmaputra in India
India has developed a large network of railway and Irrawady in Myanmar, etc. The size of ships
lines in the whole country. Jammu and Kashmir plying on inland routes is not very large.
was untouched so far, but recently a railway line Generally small ships, boats, mechanised boats,
has started to function between Srinagar and trawlers etc. are used for inland waterways.
Baramulla in Kashmir. The Jammu railway line too Sea Routes
has been extended up to Pathankot.
Sea routes are an important means of inter-
Metro Rail : The metro rail or tube train is national trade. Sea routes are chiefly used to
operated within certain large cities in the world.
transport heavy cargo and oil from one country to
Some of the cities in the world with this facility another. Almost all countries with a coastline use
are London (England), New York (America), sea routes for trade. Some landlocked countries
Kolkata and New Delhi.
use sea routes through other countries; for
Quiz Time example, Nepal and Bhutan use Indian coastlines
for sea trade with other countries.
Answer the following questions :
The Atlantic Ocean is the
1. Name the invention which took the man towards busiest ocean in terms of sea
modernisation.
routes, as the countries of
2. What is being built in India to decongest traffic North America and South
on roads? America trade with countries
3. What is the quick and cheap means of in Europe and Africa. The
transport? Indian Ocean and the Pacific A ship
Ocean are also used for trade. Canals have played
4. Name one super fast train of India.
a role in international trade a great deal. There are
5. Name one city of India where metro rail run. two important canals which have contributed in
expanding international trade because they have
Water Transport shortened the sea routes between different
countries.
In olden times, man saw that wood floats on the
water, and this simple concept has led to the Suez Canal : The Suez Canal is a 160 km long
development of modern waterways. Waterways canal which was dug between the Red Sea and
are the cheapest means of transport as no roads or the Mediterranean Sea. It was opened for water
railways are needed. Only seaports are needed transport in 1869. It separates
where the ships can call on. At times, open Africa from Asia. It is an
beaches are used for small boats and trawlers. The important waterway as it
three-fourth of the earth’s surface is covered with connects the Indian Ocean
water, and this fact goes in favour of this transport. with the Atlantic Ocean and
We can classify water transport into two provides a short cut route
types—inland routes and sea routes. through Africa and Asia. Suez Canal

Settlements, Transport and Communication
143