Page 140 - SST Class 07

community centres, primary health centres, Rural and Urban Occupations
primary schools etc. On the other hand, an urban Occupation is an important part of human life.
area has a large number of utility buildings, such We find a distinct difference between a rural area
as markets, hospitals, schools, colleges, offices etc.
and an urban area in respect of occupations also.
The people in a rural area are chiefly engaged in
primary occupations. Primary occupations are
related to natural resources directly, such as
farming, mining, hunting, fishing etc.

On the other hand, the people in an urban area are
chiefly engaged in secondary and tertiary
occupations . By secondary occupations is meant
A village A village health centre those occupations which process natural resources,
A rural area generally lacks a market, while there such as carpentry, manufacturing of different
are shops and markets in plenty in an urban area. articles etc. The tertiary occupations are those
occupations which are related to services, such as
A rural area differs from an urban area in many
the occupations of shopkeepers, advocates,
facilities. A rural area has kuchcha roads and link
roads which connect it to the main roads and doctors, salesmen, transporters, writers etc.
highways. These roads are not all-weather roads. Interrelationship between Rural and Urban
There are few facilities of communication, Settlements
transport, treatment, education etc., so the rural
Rural and urban settlements are like two sides of
people have to go to nearby urban areas to avail the same coin. One cannot exist without the
these facilities.
other. While a rural area supplies food grains,
fruits, vegetables and manpower to an urban area;
the latter supplies products and services to a rural
area. An urban person might not have ever visited
a rural area, yet he is dependent on it for his basic
needs. Similarly, a rural person has to visit an
urban area for a number of purposes, such as
A kuchcha road A highway A slum education, treatment, transportation and other
An urban area has many facilities, yet there is an services.
ugly blot on the face of urban areas. This blot is in
the form of slums . These slums present an Info Bits
Info Bits
unhygienic way of living. It is difficult to imagine
how people live in the slums. A town may be set up with a view to have a special
feature, such as pilgrimage, industry, culture,
Quiz Time
trade, administration etc.
Fill in the blanks :
Migration
1. A settlement can be temporary or ___________ .
Migration from a rural area to an urban area is a
2. We can divide a district into ___________ area grave problem in the present context. Due to non-
and ___________ area. availability of many services, such as education,

3. A ___________ travelling in a desert is also a treatment etc., rural people have to visit urban
type of temporary settlement. areas. Moreover, there is scarcity of employment
in rural areas, so they have to visit an urban area
4. A ___________ settlement is established for in search of jobs. Many of them permanently
lifelong.
migrate to towns. This puts pressure on the civic
Contemporary Social Science-7
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