Page 5 - SST Class 04

Unit I : Our India : Land and Climate

Our India :

1
An Overview

Land, Climate and I

How we live, how we dress, what we eat and how we behave – all
these much depend on the land and climate in which we live. The
lifestyle of a person living in hills is different from that of a person
living in plains or deserts. Hot and cold also determine the way
we dress. So, land and climate play a vital role in our life.

We live in India. We also know our country as AFGHANISTAN
Bharat and Hindustan . It is a vast country in JHE L UM IND US
I
H
terms of size and is the seventh largest C ENAB R AVI N O SUTLEJ C H TIBET N A
N
BEAS
O
PAKISTAN EJ L. Mansarowar
country in the world. It lies in the continent of S SUTL R T H E R N LO
N I DU NO TSANGPO H T I
THAR DESERT
R T H E R N
Asia. Its area is 32,87,263 square kilometres. THAR DESERT YA MU RTHERN PL KOSI
NORTHERN
BHUTAN
B
H A UTR
E E
Length wise, it is 3,214 kilometres from north LUNI I L. SAMBHAR C AM AL NA ETW A GANG A PL GOMA GAN DAK R A N N G G BRA M P S S A
M O U N T A I N
M O U N T A I N
R A
H
AINS
AINS
IND
S
BANA
S
GANDAK
to south and 2,933 kilometres from east to SABARMAT HAM BAL ARBA TI B S N TI G N A A TISTA
A G
O
BANGLA
A OD R
MAH I C P D M DESH T ROPIC O F CA NCER
west. Its boundaries are both land and sea. Its NARMADA II NN DD II AA MYANMAR
MAHANADI
TAPI SOUTHERN
SOUTHERN
G
land frontiers measure 15,200 kilometres and RAT CO GO PEN AG A NEW MOORE L.
UJA
PLATEAUTEAU
PLA
G N
AST
INDRAVATI
DAVARI
its coastline is 7,516 kilometres. These ARABIAN CO W E BH IMA MANA J RA GO AVARI S L PLAINS C R L. CHILIKA BAY
OASTAL PLAINS
N CIR A S
D
OF
boundaries comprise those of both mainland SEA KON COASTAL PLAINS KRISH A B RA K I R SH NA G H COASTA NOR H R BENGAL
T
A
TE
S T E
N
R N
U
and islands. KAN C ASTAL PLAINS T NGA HAD PENN ERU E N R C L. KOLLERU
T AN
OAST
S A L. PULICAT NORTHERN MOUNTAINS DA
G H A T S
India shares its borders with several countries : MA ENNA E ANDEL NORTHERN PLAINS MA N
JOG FALLS P
R ST A ND
CAU
IYA
LADAA
Nepal, Bhutan and China to the north; ( INDIA) R CO ST VAI G AI COROM COA THAR DESERT (IN DIA ) NIC OB
VER
Y
Pakistan and Afghanistan to the north-west; EP LAKSHADWE SOUTHERN PLATEAUS AR ISLA
SRI COASTAL PLAINS ND
Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east; and Sri LANKA S
Not to scale INDIAN OCEAN
Lanka to the south.
India : Physical
India’s territory is divided into 28 states, 8 union territories and a National Capital
Territory of Delhi (NCT of Delhi).
In the world, India is the second largest country in terms of population. As per the
Census of India, India’s population stood at over 121 crore in 2011. At present, it is
more than 132 crore.
Our India : An Overview 5