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Bharati at Shantiniketan. Dayananda Saraswati 3. The national schools were established in all
started DAV schools in many parts of India. Sri provinces of India. ________
Aurobindo started schools at Pondicherry. 4. The introduction of English education did not
Vivekananda started the Ramakrishna Mission at help in modernising India. ________
Calcutta. Later, Gandhiji introduced the Nai Talim
scheme for mass education. 5. The Indians had realised that India could not
progress under the British. ________
Activity Case Study
On an outline map of India, mark five major places Baroda
where prominent educational institutions were
opened. When national education was being propagated, an
effort was made by Maharaja Sayajirao III of
EDUCATION AND POWER Baroda when he established the Baroda College in
1881. This college made a beginning in arts and
Knowledge is power and education is a tool to technical subjects through the medium of English.
achieve it. So we can say that education empowers. Not only this, this college supported many other
The British realised this because they started schools and colleges in the region. This college
education in India in order to get manpower that graduated to a university in 1948 and is now called
could work in low ranks in its offices, and thus the Maharaja Sayajirao University. At present, it
strengthen its control over the Indians. boosts of education in engineering, technology and
fine arts.
On the other hand, the national leaders and social
reformers were of the view that education would Aligarh
acquaint the people with the ideals of fraternity,
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was born in 1817. He was a
liberty, justice and equality, and would make social reformer. He was of the view that the
them contribute to the national movement for condition of the Muslims could be improved by
freedom.
education. He also favoured the abolition of the
purdah system and practice of polygamy. He
EDUCATION AND CULTURAL IDENTITY wanted to improve the condition of women. His
The introduction of English education was effort for the propagation of education is known as
perceived as a threat to cultural identity because it the Aligarh Movement.
created a new middle class which fancied after the The greatest contribution of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
European culture and fashion. However, it also is in the form of the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental
taught them about the values of freedom and College which he established at Aligarh in 1875.
liberty, so these very people rose against the Presently it is known as the Aligarh Muslim
British, and thus contributed in the national University. Its curriculum comprises of science,
movement for freedom. Of course, cultural humanities and technical subjects. It is one of the
identity of the Indians was dented, as the educated renowned universities of India at present.
class looks down upon the people with old
outlook and knowledge.
Quiz Time
Write True or False :
1. Knowledge is power and education is a tool to
achieve it. ________
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan Aligarh Muslim University
2. Vivekananda started the Nai Talim scheme at
Calcutta. ________
Education and British Rule
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