Page 123 - SST Class 08

plum, peach, almond, grapes, apricot, cherry,
walnut etc.

Quiz Time
Fill in the blanks :

1. There are nearly ___________ plant species and
___________ animal species on the earth.
A rubber tree A rosewood tree A sandalwood tree
2. ___________ are rooted in the soil.
The chief varieties of trees found in tropical 3. The ___________ are very important for life on
evergreen forests are mahogany , rubber ,
rosewood , bamboo , ebony , sandalwood etc. the earth.
These forests are found in South America 4. The ___________ forests are found in hot and
(Amazon and Orinoco basins), Africa (Congo and humid areas.
Zaire basins), Malaysia, Myanmar, Kampuchea, 5. Species of animals are known as ___________ .
Indonesia, Vietnam and New Guinea.
Coniferous Forests
Temperate Evergreen Forests
These forests cover a wide belt of land in North
The temperate evergreen forests are found on
America, Asia and Europe, situated between 50°N
eastern coastal margins in mid-latitude regions.
They are hardwood trees with broad leaves. They and 70°N latitudes where winters are long and
are widely found in the southern US, south- severe. They include Canada, Norway, Finland,
Sweden and Latvia. In Siberia, they are called
eastern Australia, east coast of southern Africa,
southern Brazil and southern China. The main Taiga. They are seen on the mountain slopes from
1,500 to 2,000 metre altitudes. Forests on the
trees are oak , pine , mulberry , eucalyptus ,
slopes of the Alps and the Himalayas are of this
camphor , bamboo and wattle , and they have
immense commercial value. type. In the Southern Hemisphere, their growth is
scarce. Two large areas of South America have
Mediterranean Forests coniferous forests—the western coastal lands of

These forests are found on western margins of southern Chile and the
continents between latitudes 30° and 40° on both southern part of the
sides of the Equator. These regions have a dry Brazilian Plateau. The
summer and a wet winter with moderate rainfall. former is remote and little
Trees adapt themselves to the seasonal changes in exploited, while the latter
temperature and do not shed their leaves in the is an important forest
dry summer. Trees contain waxy leaves, and are region and grows the
spiny and small, so transpiration is low. Trees and valuable Panama Pine. A coniferous forest
shrubs are widely spaced, and their barks are thick The common trees of this region include pine,
to control loss of moisture. cedar, silver trees, hemlock, fir, spruce and
These forests are found in regions bordering the deodar. Coniferous trees are tall and straight with
Mediterranean Sea, which include Asian, African narrow and needle like leaves. They have great
and European countries. Other areas are central commercial value as their wood is light.
and southern California, Rhone Valley of France, Deciduous Forests
Cape Town area of South Africa, southern Italy
The deciduous trees shed their leaves in autumn
and East Coast of Africa. The important trees are
,
,
,
olive , oak fig pine fir cork cedar cork citrus and remain leafless in winter. Hardwood is
,
,
,
,
trees (lemon, orange etc.) and chestnut . These durable and strong, and is not heavy or difficult to
work. These forests are found in tropical,
areas are suitable for cultivation of fruits, such as
subtropical and temperate regions. Their wood is
Plant and Wildlife Resources
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