Page 117 - SST Class 08
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countries of Asia and Africa, people have to go catchment areas. To conserve water in such areas,
miles to get water. trees should be planted in abundance. The roots
of trees bind the soil and most of the rain water
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Less than 20% of population in developing Checking Wastage
countries has access to clean drinking water.
We should cultivate the habit of using the water
Some of the problems faced due to unplanned judiciously in our day-to-day life. For example in
utilisation of water resources. As since most of the domestic use wastage of water should be checked
rivers pass through various states, thus, no single in agricultural activities, over-irrigation of crops
state can handle the problem of water management like peddy and sugar cane must be avoided and
alone. And the uneven rainfall also creates a lot of crop pattern may also be changed to reduce the
problems, due to it the rivers do not receive the demand for water etc. Over-irrigation is also
certain amount of water all around the year. This responsible for water logging, lowering of water
variation is not only from river to river but also table and salination of soil.
from season to season in the same river.
Rainwater Harvesting
The Hirakud project in Odisha, the Bhakra Nangal Rainwater can be
in Punjab, the Damodar Valley project in Bihar
collected in storage
and West Bengal, the Tungabhadra project in tanks and be used
Andhra Pradesh and
later to fill wells and
Karnataka and the Rihand
tubewells to recharge
project in Uttar Pradesh groundwater.
are some of the important Rainwater Harvesting
multipurpose projects in Efficient Irrigation
India. These dams have The most important use of
also increased agricultural freshwater is irrigation. Efficient
Bhakra Nangal Dam
production in India. irrigation methods should be
used to reduce wastage of
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Info Bits water. Sprinklers is an effective
method of irrigation they are
Rows of trees are also planted to conserve both used in many parts of USA. Sprinkless
water and soil.
Conservation of Water Resource F ind Outind Out
Clean and adequate water is the major agenda of
21st century world. With expanding population Find out some more causes of water scarcity.
the water needs of agriculture and industry are Recycling of Waste Water
also increasing. Thus it has become essential to
Waste water from sewage treatment plants and
conserve water and improve its quality. In India,
factories should be suitably treated to eliminate
water availability in 1955 was 5722 cubic metres
which has reduced to 2000 cubic metres in 1970. harmful substances. The treated water can be used
for industrial purposes. Domestic sewage water
Deforestation, construction of houses, roads and
industries also deplete underground water after recycling can be used for gardening.
resources. Here are some important measures of Just Think!
conserving water :
Afforestation on Hill Slopes What techniques are adopted in India for water
harvesting and conservation of water?
Hills which receive abundant rainfall act as water
Land, Soil and Water Resources
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