Page 91 - SST Class 04

u State highways connect important cities

within a state. These are built and
maintained by the state governments .
u Rural roads connect villages with cities.
These are small roads. These can be
metalled or unmetalled . A metalled road

is built with tar (tarcoal), cement and
stone. An unmetalled road is made of
dust or brick.

u Border roads are built for use by the
army in the border regions. These are
built and maintained by the Border
Roads Organisation (BRO).

2. Railways : Travel by rail is very 7 NATIONAL HIGHWAY
LONGEST HIGHWAY
inexpensive, so a very large number of
Scale
Kms 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Kms
people prefer it. India’s railway network is
Not to scale
Asia’s largest and the world’s second largest.
Its route length is 69,182 kilometres. There are about Know It!
7,031 railway stations across length and breadth of the v The longest national highway in

entire country. About 1 crore passengers travel by the country is the NH-44 which
railways daily. is 3,745 kilometres from
Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
The railways operate about 20,000 trains per day.
These are slow, fast and very fast. Some of the very fast

trains are the Gatiman , Vande Bharat , Shatabdi Express , Rajdhani Express etc.
In addition to passenger trains, a large number of goods trains are also run. These

carry about 30 percent of all goods in the country. India is also building special
corridors for bullet trains and freight.
Know It!
The railways also run short-route local trains which
v The Vivek Express has the
cater to local passengers. country’s longest route
They connect satellite covering 4,286 kilometres from

towns to a major town. Dibrugarh (Assam) to
Local trains run in Kanyakumari (Kerala). It takes
Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, 82.30 hours to complete its
journey.
Chennai and other major
cities. The Metro Rail has
been started in several cities, including Kolkata, Delhi,
Chennai, Jaipur and others. This has reduced traffic and

pollution on the roads.
Metro rail

Means of Transport 91