Page 50 - SST Class 04

u Recycle , that is, sell old metals to the scrap-dealer (kabariwala), who will help to
make new things from it.

u Use alternatives ; for example, thermal electricity can be replaced with
hydroelectricity, wind energy and solar energy.

mining : the process of digging out minerals from inside the earth.

mine : a hole in the earth to take out minerals.
mineral ore : a mineral found in its raw form.
refining : the process to purify a mineral.
metallic mineral : a mineral containing metals.
export : to sell and send products to other countries.

import : to purchase and get products from other countries.
atomic mineral : a mineral to produce atomic energy.
non-renewable : that cannot be replaced after use.

Facts

• Minerals are mined out from the earth.
• Minerals are found in an impure form.
• Minerals can be classified as metallic minerals and non-metallic minerals.
• Important metallic minerals are iron, copper, tin, zinc, bauxite, silver, gold etc.

• Important non-metallic minerals are coal, petroleum, sulphur, phosphorus, salt, mica, gypsum,
diamond, limestone etc.
• Uranium and thorium are non-metallic minerals which are used for producing atomic energy.
• It is essential to conserve minerals.

XERCISE

A. Tick (3) the right option :
1. The process to take out minerals from the earth is called ____________ .
(a) mining (b) dining (c) refining
2. ____________ minerals can be beaten into different shapes.

(a) metallic (b) non-metallic (c) none of these
3. The present age is called the ____________ Age.
(a) Copper (b) Stone (c) Iron
4. Aeroplanes are made from aluminium which is extracted from ____________ .
(a) bauxite (b) manganese (c) mica

50 Contemporary Social Science-4