Page 49 - SST Class 04

Coal : Coal is burnt to produce heat and energy. In Know It!
houses, it is used for cooking and heating. It is used to v Thermal electricity is
produce electricity; such electricity is called thermal produced from coal. What is
the name of the electricity
electricity. India is the world’s largest producer of coal. It
produced from falling water
is chiefly mined in the states of Bihar, West Bengal,
in dams?
Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh,
Maharashtra and Rajasthan.

Mineral Oil : Mineral oil or petroleum is refined to make fuels like petrol, diesel,
kerosene oil, cooking gas etc. It is drilled from the oil wells. These oil wells are located
in Assam, Gujarat and Maharashtra. Mineral oil is refined in oil refineries.

Important oil refineries in India are located at :

u Mumbai (Maharashtra) u Chennai (Tamil Nadu)
u Kochi (Kerala) u Baroda (Gujarat)

u Mathura (Uttar Pradesh) u Haldia (West Bengal)

u Guwahati (Assam) u Panipat (Haryana)
u Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) u Barauni (Bihar) etc. An oil refinery

Mica : Mica is used in electrical goods and medicines. India is the world’s largest
producer of mica. It is chiefly produced in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand
and Rajasthan.

Salt : Salt is also a mineral. It is made from seawater. It is chiefly produced in the states
of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. It is also produced in the Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan. In
Himachal Pradesh, it is procured from rocks.

Limestone : Chiefly found in the states of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar,
limestone is used for making cement and mortar.

Gypsum : Gypsum is used in fertilizers and cement. Rajasthan is its chief producer.
Atomic Minerals : Thorium and uranium are used as sources of atomic energy.
Thorium is found in Kerala while uranium is found in Bihar and Rajasthan.

Conservation of Minerals

Minerals take thousands of years to form, so they are called non-renewable resources.
They are available in the world in a limited quantity. If we use them thoughtlessly,
they will be finished. So, we must conserve them.

u Limit your use; that is, use a bicycle in place of a car or motorcycle when possible.
u Reuse, that is, don’t discard a thing that is still usable and useful.

India : Minerals 49