Page 35 - SST Class 04

Facts

• The upper layer of the earth’s surface is formed by broken rocks, dead plants and animals’ wastes.
• Wind, water and temperature influence the formation of rocks.
• Different types of rocks have different properties, so there are different types of rocks.
• The five types of soils found in India are alluvial soil, black soil, red soil, sandy soil and mountain soil.
• Soil erosion is caused when the layer of soil is carried away by natural forces of wind and water.
• Soil erosion harms soil, so it should be checked.

XERCISE

A. Tick (3) the right option :
1. ____________ is the loose material on the earth’s surface.

(a) soil (b) water (c) rock
2. Soil is mainly formed by ____________ .
(a) water (b) rock (c) animals’ waste
3. The silt brought by rivers is called ____________ .
(a) lava (b) sand dune (c) alluviam
4. Red soil is formed from ____________ .

(a) laterite (b) alluviam (c) lava
B. Answer the questions briefly :
1. What is soil?
2. How is soil mainly formed?
3. What is alluviam?

4. How does lava become rock?
5. Why is laterite soil reddish in colour?
6. What is terrace farming?

Activity

v Pick up a handful of soil from the ground. Now answer :

1. What colour is it? 2. Is it fine or grainy?
3. What is its type? 4. Name any two crops that can be grown in it.

Soil and You

v Just think and answer :

The wind is blowing hard. Tick where the soil will cause a dust storm. You can tick one or
more options :
• An area with sandy soil. • An area with little grass.

• An area with a lot of trees. • A wet area.

India : Soils 35