Page 218 - SST Class 08

2. Write the names of some social reformers who have worked to eradicate untouchability.
3. Where do the people of Scheduled Tribes live?

4. Whom did Mahatma Gandhi call the people of God?
5. What type of occupation is manual scavenging?
6. What is meant by OBCs?

D. Answer the questions in brief :
1. What do you understand by the marginalised communities?
2. What is the difference between the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes?
3. What does the Preamble to the Constitution of India enshrine?
4. Which organisation is the largest employer of manual scavengers?

5. What do you mean by the term minorities?
6. How are manual scavengers exploited?
E. Answer the questions in detail :

1. Which castes have been termed as Scheduled Castes?
2. What do you understand by untouchability?
3. What do you understand by manual scavenging?
4. What steps have been taken by the government to eradicate untouchability?

5. What steps have been taken to protect the rights of the minorities?
6. What are the laws implemented to abolish manual scavenging?

1. What command should have more respect in the society – education or caste? Give reason to
support your answer.
2. How do you think the evil practice of untouchability can be eradicated?

Reservation Policy
The Constitution directs the government to make special provisions for the weaker sections to bring
them at par with the rest of the country. Accordingly, the government reserved 15% of seats in
educational institutions for the SCs and 7.5% for the STs. Similarly, jobs in government offices are
reserved for these sections.
The government has provided them relaxation in qualifying marks in written examinations and in
interviews. Relaxation in upper age by three years in direct recruitment has also been provided to OBCs.
The OBCs have been provided relaxation to clear the civil services examination in seven attempts. These
are some of the steps which have been laid by the government for the social justice for Other Backward
Classes.
According to the advice of the Mandal Commission, set-up in 1979, the government reserves an
additional 27% (over and above those reserved for SCs and STs) of government jobs and seats in
institutions for higher studies for the Other Backward Classes (OBCs).

Contemporary Social Science-8
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