Page 207 - SST Class 08
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An appeal can be brought to the court of the 4. The subordinate judiciary in a district is under
District Judge against the judgement of a lower the overall charge of a __________ .
court. He can also award capital punishment, but it 5. Punjab and Haryana have a common High Court
has to be confirmed by the respective High Court. situated at __________ .
LOK ADALAT PROCEDURE OF THE JUDICIARY
It is a matter of great relief that our judiciary, Generally a case starts from the lowest court, and
unlike other organs of the government, is generally rises in appeal to the higher courts, though some
free from the charges of corruption. However, the
cases are filed directly in the High Court or the
cases brought before the judiciary are fought for Supreme Court, such as the violation of
years on end; sometimes the judgement is Fundamental Rights or interpretation of the
delivered so belatedly that it has no importance at
Constitution.
all. This happens due to a large number of cases
and limited number of judges and other supporting For example, X was charged that he stabbed Y on
staff in courts at different tiers. The procedure of the stomach. This case will be tried at the tehsil or
certain cases too is so long that it is but natural for district court depending upon the severity of the
a case to be dragged on for years. crime. After judgement, the parties can appeal to
the higher court of law, such as the High Court or
the Supreme Court in the order of hierarchy. Of
course, appeals cannot be filed to the High Court
or the Supreme Court in all civil cases; only those
cases are entertained at the higher courts where a
point of law is involved or where the severity or
extent of the case demands it.
TYPES OF CASES
All cases brought before a court of law can be
classified into two—civil and criminal. A civil case
A Lok Adalat proceedings in progress pertains to the civil liberties of a citizen, while a
criminal case is in essence a crime. Sometimes, a
In order to provide a relief to the parties, the system
wrong may constitute both civil and criminal
of Lok Adalat was introduced. This system has
proved beneficial for the poor and resourceless features, and thus can be instituted as both or
people because the cases are decided in a very either of them.
short time on the basis of the evidence presented. Distinction between a Civil Case and a
Speedy justice ensures that the courts of law are Criminal Case
less burdened with the number of cases; also, the
The distinction between a civil case and a
common man gets justice promptly.
criminal case can be discussed as follows :
Quiz Time
1. A wrong that is done against the personal
Fill in the blanks : liberty of a person is called a civil case.
1. The Supreme Court upholds the sanctity of the However, when it is viewed as a public
__________ . wrong, it is called a criminal case.
2. A judge of the __________ serves up to the age 2. The victim in the case of a civil case is an
of 62 years . individual, and it is he who files the case in
the court of law. On the other hand, the victim
3. The __________ is the third organ of the in case of a criminal case is considered to be
government.
The Judiciary
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