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Human Resources 18
q Human resources q Population distribution
q Spatial population density q Population density in India
q Population growth in the world q Population growth in India
Introduction Rather they will consume the resources and
hinder the progress and development of the
In ancient times, most of the work was done
country.
manually. Hence, the strength of a country was
dependent on its total population. More people In order to turn population into human resource
meant more progress. However, the development so that they can contribute to the progress and
of science and technology has changed the development of the country, suitable education
situation altogether. A machine can do the work of and training are needed so that their abilities,
many people, but running these machines requires capabilities and skills can be improved.
skilled workers. Therefore, we can say that the real Composition of Human Resources
asset of a country is not its large population, but
trained, skilled and creative people. These people By composition of human resource is meant to
determine the ratio of age, sex, literacy, language,
can use natural resources to create a good standard
occupation, religion, tribe, ethnicity etc. of a given
of living for themselves as well as for their fellow
human beings. population. It helps to study the basic
characteristics of the population as a whole. The
three main components of the population are—sex
composition, age structure and literacy levels.
Info Bits
Info Bits
The United Nations Population Division estimates
A crowded market A school assembly that the average life expectancy in the world will
go up to 76 years by 2050, now it is 75.9 in the
HUMAN RESOURCES developed countries.
Human resources or people are the most vital Sex Ratio
resources for the development of a country.
Sex ratio means the proportion of female
Nature has given us many resources which man population to the male population in a country. It
converts and utilises with his skills and is defined as the number of females per thousand
knowledge. Human beings are endowed with
males in a population. For example, in 2001, the
thinking and reasoning powers by which they turn sex ratio in India was 927 females per 1000
all natural resources into useful articles. We can males. This shows that females are less in India.
say that a large population consisting of illiterate,
untrained and unskilled people will not contribute The table given here shows the sex ratio in India
to the development of a country significantly. over the last century.
Contemporary Social Science-8
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