Page 107 - SST Class 05

Revolutionaries
Many young men at this felt that they could throw the British out of India by force.
They wanted to use violent means for this purpose. They believed in self-sacrifice.
These young people were called the revolutionaries. Many young men laid down their

lives for this cause. Some of the prominent revolutionary leaders were Khudi Ram
,
,
Bose , Aurobindo Ghosh Ashwini Kumar Dutt Prafulla Chaki etc. They mainly
operated in Bengal, Punjab and Maharashtra.
These revolutionaries formed secret societies. They trained their members in making
bombs and using weapons. They
attacked many unpopular British
officials. The British repressed them
with a heavy hand. Many of them were
hanged to death or sent to the Kala-Pani
(the Cellular Jail in Andaman Island)
where pitiable condition of life existed. Khudi Ram Bose Ashwini Kumar Dutt Prafulla Chaki

Nationalist Movement Outside India
The Indians struggled not only in India but also abroad. The Indians living in other
countries started movements for freedom there. Madam Cama went to Geneva and
started a newspaper called Vande Mataram . Narendranath Chattopadhyaya formed an

association to discuss the Indian freedom movement in Berlin.
,
The revolutionaries in America went a step ahead. Sohan Singh Bakhna Bhai
Paramanand , Rashbehari Bose , Mohammad Barkatullah and others formed the Ghadar
Party . They decided to raise an armed rebellion. For this purpose, they gathered
money and acquired arms and ammunition. To fight a battle with the British, they sent
a large number of volunteers to India in 1915. Unfortunately, the British came to know
of this plan. All these volunteers were arrested. Many of them were hanged to death
while others were sent to long terms in jail.

In England, there was an India House from where revolutionaries like Vinayak
,
Damodra Savarkar , Shyamji Krishna Varma Lala Hardayal Madan Lal Dhingra and
,
others operated.

Sohan Singh Madam Lala V.D. Rashbehari Madan Lal
Bhakna Cama Hardayal Savarkar Bose Dhingra

Struggle for Freedom 107